Tomb towers and minarets: analysis of symmetries and geometries of Iranian geometrical ornaments of the Seljuq era. Pictorial requiem for the Kharraqan towers

Abstract Ornamental adornment of the Kharraqan tomb towers, most outstanding funeral monuments Seljuk era in NW Iran, and those four best-preserved Seljuq brick minarets northern documents artistic canon pre-glaze stage Iranian Islamic architecture. Despite some later interruptions, these their plain-brick ornaments, as well ‘virtually interlaced’ stand at beginnings a rich development that led to Safavid architecture Iran. Besides documentation study geometric character early art, which was based on limited technical resources, this offers insight into symmetry concepts developed art development. This is last complete towers performed before overwhelming destruction 2002 earthquake.